What is a common requirement for securing file shares in Azure?

Active Directory authentication is a common requirement for securing file shares in Azure because it provides a robust identity management framework that integrates with Azure's access and permissions system. When crafted properly, it allows organizations to control who has access to file shares through Azure Active Directory (Azure AD). This ensures that only authorized users or groups can access sensitive data, maintaining the confidentiality and integrity of the information.

Using Active Directory authentication enables features like Role-Based Access Control (RBAC), which allows administrators to tailor access based on the principle of least privilege, enhancing security further. Moreover, Active Directory works seamlessly with other Azure components, making it an essential choice for managing file share access effectively.

In contrast, while network security groups can provide certain layers of security, they are primarily focused on controlling network traffic and do not handle user authentication for file access. Distinct public IP addresses are not typically required for file share access, as Azure services often use private endpoints or VPNs for more secure connections. Limited focus on only data encryption overlooks the need for appropriate access controls and identity validation, which are crucial in securing file shares comprehensively.